Limitations Of Acquiring Data On Hiv - 1783 Words

Limitations in Acquiring Data The current data surrounding HIV rates in transgender women are inadequate for several reasons. First, due to an unequal number of studies from each country, the international data reports are merely estimates and are most likely not generalizable to all transgender populations across the world. Next, the sampling methods that have been used, may have resulted in an oversampling of transgender women who are sex workers as these specific populations tend to congregate together (3). Additionally, because the transgender identity is constantly shifting, women who have already undergone their full transition and assimilated into their gender identity may not even identify as transgender. This affects data collection because they are then not included in epidemiological or prevention studies that could be significant. When it comes to doing studies, transgender participants are scarce, which affects researchers’ abilities to study HIV as it relates to a very specific population (3). The HIV surveillance measures in place are deficient and transgender-specific interventions are scarce, as will be illustrated next. More research and studies need to be done to get a more accurate idea of what kind of interventions will help the transgender population most effectively in regards to HIV prevention and treatment. HIV Screening: Pros and Cons There have been many methods of combating the spread of HIV or at the very least diagnosing it early on toShow MoreRelatedHIV Intervention Paper816 Words   |  4 PagesAgent Plan I would design a HIV Prevention Program for African American woman in college to decrease the growing rate of new HIV diagnoses each year and help women that are prone to HIV to decrease their risk behaviors in acquiring this virus. I will use the Social Cognitive Theory that focuses on the change of an individual and how individuals learn by using personal experiences. Educators Needed: a health educator that teaches Health Education at the institution and 2 peer educators will be neededRead MoreHealth Promotion Assignment : Sexually Transmitted Infections1084 Words   |  5 Pageseffective treatments are available for many sexually transmitted infections (STI), there has been a steady increase in cases of gonorrhoea, chlamydia and syphilis in the last five years. In addition, there are gaps in the interpretation of notification data. Social stigma, discrimination against those affected by sexually transmitted infections and human rights abuse limit access to the available prevention and treatment strategies, and identifying the burden of the consequence from the STI on fertilityRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Infectious Disease911 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom spreading throughout the human population. However, despite their attempts new and emerging viruses such as HIV/AIDS, Ebola and sudden acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) have continued to develop and cause a drastic impact on society worldwide . As the development of new diseases continues to emerge worldwide there has been an increase in concerns regarding the importance of acquiring new methods to detect and help prevent the spread of infectious diseases. With this in mind, this study examinesRead MoreEssay On Drugs Are Not Killing Us1080 Words   |  5 Pagespressure medication from gray market vendors pricing at $1200, differing greatly from the original price of $25.90. Pharmaceutical companies also increase prices by acquiring manufacturing licenses and elevating the former price to create more profit. In 2015 Turing Pharmaceuticals obtained the manufacturing license for Daraprim (used to treat HIV infection) and increased the price from $13.50 a tablet to $750. This led Turing Pharmaceuticals founder Martin Shkreli to become â€Å"the most hated man in America†Read MoreHiv Prevention Program Of Urban Kenya Among The Youth2665 Words   |  11 Pages HIV Prevention Program in urban Kenya Among the Youth Jacquiline Wanja Njagi-Brown National University Public Health Research Methods COH 611 Dr. Brandon Eggleston, PHD MPH MCHES CPH February 28, 2015 HIV Prevention Program in urban Kenya Among the Youth Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a health concern that has claimed millions of lives globally. Despite ongoing prevention efforts such as education and medical treatment, this disease and itsRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Infection ( Hiv ) Global Health Report6698 Words   |  27 PagesImmunodeficiency Infection (HIV) Global Health Report Part one: Overview: One of the most important serious global health infection nowadays is ?acquired immunodeficiency syndrome? which is caused by HIV virus infection. The disease was discovered long time back in 1981. HIV infection is considered to be one the most important public health challenge in all countries and require global efforts (Merson, 2006). Rationale: Almost 36.9 million people are currently living with HIV infection and almost 10Read MoreThe Millenium Declaration Goals 20001758 Words   |  7 PagesGoals (MDG’s): 1. Eradication of extreme poverty and hunger 2. Achievement of universal primary education 3. Promotion of gender equality and empowerment of women, 4. Reduction of child mortality 5. Improvement in maternal health 6. Combating HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases, 7. Ensuring environmental sustainability and 8. Develop a global partnership for development. The accomplishing focus of these objectives is until 2015. Subsequently such advancement methodologies are critical toRead MoreSexually Active Teens1161 Words   |  5 Pagespercent of surveyed teens admitted no birth control methods at all. This proves an absolute need for abstinence education programs within the school setting. Through education, it should be taught that abstinence is the only safe sex. Child Trends Data Bank (2011) states that the percentage of high school students who have ever had sexual intercourse dropped between 1991 and 2011 from fifty-nine percent to forty-one percent. Forty-one percent of U.S. high school students are or have been sexuallyRead MoreThe Effects Of Sexually Transmitted Diseases On College Campuses1451 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) continue to plague college campuses, raising questions regarding what efforts can be made to reduce the number of young individuals acquiring STDs on college campuses. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, it is estimated that 19 million new infections occur each year, with almost half infecting young people1. Although, STDs are primarily transmitted through the exchange of bodily fluids (i.e. vaginal fluid, semen, and blood)Read MoreProject Pluto Will Adopt The Incremental Build Model Essay1725 Words   |  7 PagesCorrective action should be taken, for example, if the rework to fix defects exceeds 20 percent of the effort on each of two successive build cycles. Corrective actions might include revising the requirements, reworking the design, fixing the code, acquiring a new testing tool, providing refresher training on peer reviews, or revising the Incremental-build schedule to allow more time to do an adequate job. Other methodologies that we seriously considered include the Waterfall development

The A Unified Brand Dove s Control Over The Beauty...

Problem Identification: 1. Not a unified brand: Dove was owned by Unilever, which was a leading manufacturer in food, personal care and home sector of the global economy. Unilever was mainly competing with successful companies like Nestle, Kraft foods and Procter and gamble. Unilever had a wide range and variety of products as well as huge market share. Despite of having a big market share and good product Unilever lacked the unified identity of the brand. In beauty sector, Unilever had many brands like Vaseline, Lux, Dove, Axe, Pond’s and Sunsilk etc. Since Unilever had many brands it had a problem with the control and identity of the brand. 2. Controversial advertisements: Public reaction on social media was open ended. This type of branding strategy can also damage the image of the brand because it is controversial among public which includes politics, racism and stereotyping. Dove lost the control over the beauty campaign because it was becoming political debate. Some people also found ads with women in underwear very unsettling. 3. Brand stereotype: In commercials and branding strategy we rarely see men involvement. It can be only seen as women brand or fat girls brand. This strategy can damage the male customer base due to stereotype of women’s brand. Casting older ladies in the commercials can also affect the perception of the young girls towards the Dove. A general stereotype can be formed that, this brand is mostly for fat and old ladies or only for peopleShow MoreRelatedCase Study Dove Evolution of a Brand1309 Words   |  6 PagesWhat was Dove’s market positioning in the 1950s? What is its positioning in 2007? Dove back in the 1950’s had one product that was the â€Å"beauty bar†, it was positioned upon its function as a superior product that doesn’t dry out the skin the way soap did. It was marketed through a mix of marketing communication tools like the TV, print media and bill boards. The advertising message was â€Å"Dove soap doesn’t dry your skin because its one-quarter cleansing cream†. All of theseRead MoreDove : Evolution Of A Brand1501 Words   |  7 PagesIndividual Case Analysis Dove: Evolution of a Brand Tom Augustson October 26, 2015 MKTG 6020-21 Fall 2015 I chose the case â€Å"Dove: Evolution of a Brand† for my individual case analysis because I find their brand and advertising strategy to be revolutionary at the time. I grew up with regular exposure to Dove soap advertising on television and in magazines, but until I read this case, I was unaware of Dove’s attempt of reach a new market with their recent campaigns targeting women who donRead MoreBrand Communication Operation : Unilevers Dove Brand1861 Words   |  8 Pages(to the brand and the case) Unilever s Dove brand began to abandon the principles of marketing fashion and beauty industry has long been in compliance with the selling beautiful dreams to deliberately collapse standardized interpretation of the beautiful position launched a major global explore the beauty of women s reinterpretation. This unique brand communication operation has achieved unprecedented success. In the spring of 2004 after the start of the real America Action (Real Beauty Campaign)Read MoreInternship Report on Unilever14872 Words   |  60 PagesINTERNSHIP REPORT ON Hair Care Survey on Parlors Salons in Dhaka Guided by Ms. Farhana Nur Malik Lecturer BRAC Business School Ms. Ankan Siddiquee Brand Activation Manager Unilever Bangladesh By Kamrun Nahar ID-08104011 BRAC Business School Brac University Date of Submission: 19 December 2011 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL 19 December, 2011 Ms. Farhana Nur Malik Lecturer BRAC Business School BRAC University Subject: Submission of internship report Dear Madam, I would like to take this opportunityRead MoreDist Channel3946 Words   |  16 Pagesand next, * producer to agent to distributor to buyer Multiple Marketing Channels – Dual Distribution – Network that move products to a firm’s target market through more than one marketing channel. Conventional distribution channel v/s vertical and horizontal distribution channel A conventional distribution channel is a channel which consists of one or more independent producers, wholesalers and retailers, each a separate business seeking to maximize its own profits. It is the mostRead MorePepsi and Its Competitors4636 Words   |  19 PagesPepsiCo - World Leader In Convenient Foods Beverages Industry †¢ Revenues – About $43 billion and over 198,000 Employees across the globe †¢ PepsiCo was founded in 1965 through the merger of Pepsi-Cola and Frito-Lay †¢ PepsiCo brands are available in more than 200 countries and territories across the globe †¢ PepsiCo has more than 500 products in it’s portfolio of which 18 brands generate $1 Billion each in retail sales A broad spectrum of beverages worldwide bringing fun and refreshment toRead MoreMarketing Channel44625 Words   |  179 Pagesmembers C) intermediaries D) the government at various levels E) competitors Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 339 Skill: Concept Objective: 12-1 6) A company s channel decisions directly affect every ________. 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Hieroglyphics, papyri, and illustrated manuscripts are its visual communications legacy. Chapter 2: Alphabets - The hundreds of signs and symbols required by cuneiform were replaced by 20 or 30 easily learned signs. - The creationRead MoreBrand Building Blocks96400 Words   |  386 PagesBRAND BUILDING BLOCKS Building Strong Brands: Why Is It Hard? It is not easy to build brands in today s environment. The brand builder who attempts to develop a strong brand is like a golfer playing on a course with heavy roughs, deep sand traps, sharp doglegs, and vast water barriers. It is difficult to score well in such conditions. Substantial pressures and barriers, both internal and external, can inhibit the brand builder. To be able to develop effective brand strategies, it is useful to

Japanese economic history Free Essays

In the history of Japanese economy is for 17 years from 1920 to 1937. Japanese economy will be hit by three big depressions, reactionary depression (1920 depression), ? Financial crisis, and ? Shows Depression, after the war [ ? ], and will experience long-term depression in this period. The one-eyed postwar reactionary depression which occurred for 1920 (Taoist 9) years Is the depression which made the cause the economical gap of during the war and the postwar period. We will write a custom essay sample on Japanese economic history or any similar topic only for you Order Now As for the Japanese economy of the ass, a protracted economic slump will continue starting with this depression. The global supply shortage of 1920 previous World War I (1914 o 18 years) made Japan’s export expand, and It led It to prosperity. Expansion of demand changed Japan from the agricultural country of prewar days to the Industrialized country. Moreover, the labor shortage by expanding demand moved the farmer to the city, and supported city development greatly. However, when World War I held the end of the war and It entered In the ass, Western countries reorganized domestic production and It reduced the demand to Japan. In Dalton to the reduced demand from Western countries, an excess of imports by resumption of import decreased the Japanese specie, and caused the fall of a money order and outstations on commodities. In this way, Japanese economy will fall into a protracted economic slump. Moreover, this depression will deal a blow to many companies, and will drive them in to a breakdown. Moreover, although a return of the gold standard by the lifting of the gold embargo was desired as a measure against reactionary depression, a ban was not removed on the bank or foreign trade business which were faced with the dormant capital at this time. (After World War l, the countries of many including the united States returned to the gold standard one after another, and formed the axis of new international finance. Then, the Great Kant Earthquake occurred for 1923 (Taoist 12) years, and an excess of imports became increasingly large so that this might be attacked. The government proclaimed the Bank of Japan earthquake bill discount-lost â€Å"the government compensates a loss of the Bank of Japan for less than 100 million yen at the same time the Bank of Japan does rediscover influence of the note (earthquake bill) whose earthquake disaster victim is an obligator and it postpones collection† as a measure to the company which suffered the serious damage caused by an earthquake disaster. However, the earthquake bill recessing problem arose by this Imperial edict. In the note processed as this earthquake note, many notes of the company and the manager who became bad loans under the influence of reactionary depression were Intermingled. It Is [ In / In order to prevent the breakdown of the company by this, or a bank / an every place considered as 2 million yen or more In the case of the bank which has a head office In a big city these standards It cannot fill, either a duty of a bank was Imposed so that capital Increase and a merger might be performed wealth five years and the standard might be reached † It went Into effect and Inland banks were cut down. However, by Improper language disturbance of Finance Minister Kate after the Tokyo Waterman bank is actually closed, the bank commission by the depositor banks were obliged to closure and also had the bank which results even in a breakdown. This depression that occurred for 1927 (Shows 2) years is the second financial crisis. It was continuously hit by two depressions after the war with reactionary depression and a financial crisis, and in order to reorganize the Japanese economy which the foreign outflow of the specie was aggravating, Minister-of-Finance Junketed Onion of the Coach’s Humanistic civil administration intermarry big building pushed the lifting of the gold embargo. It is ordered in the basis of Junketed Onion who performs a tight financing policy, and 1929 in the lifting of the gold embargo (â€Å"Finance Ministry Ordinance of the purport that a ban is removed on gold export from January [ next year ] 1 1 and Japan also makes the gold standard return at last after the war. However, the business of the United States which began to lead the world instead of Britain retreated, and when the New York Stock Exchange slumped n connection with it, the global Great Depression occurred after the war. In this way, Japan will be involved in the global Great Depression simultaneously with the lifting of the gold embargo. This is Shows Depression which occurred for the third 1930 (Shows 5) year. Moreover, in industry, the silk industry in which the demand from the United States occupied most suffered the damage caused by this Shows Depression most. Then, social problems, such as unemployment, selling themselves, and an undernourished schoolchild, also occurred, and the Japanese held economical / social uneasiness and were troubled with poverty. Aiming at escape from this Great Depression, Minister-of-Finance Kookier Dashiki of the Toughs Incubi Friends of Constitutional Government Party Cabinet starts an expansionist fiscal policy. First, Dashiki re-forbade export of gold in 1931, after Britain stopped the gold standard. The managed currency system and red-ink bond which were newly introduced instead of the gold standard and which are not bound by the quantity possessed of a specie enabled reservation of the source of revenue stabilized for performing an expansionist fiscal policy. Dashiki performs the â€Å"spending policy† which plans economic recovery by expanding annual expenditure based on these goods. The war expenditure expanded by the Manchuria Incident which broke out in Shows Depression in 1931 made the annual expenditure by the government increase. This annual expenditure that increased, I. E. , an effective demand, increased the demand for fund of private enterprises, and it led Japanese economy to inflation. The demand for fund of private enterprises is connected to the employment to Jobless people, and Japanese economy began to incline to prosperity. However, superfluous circulation of the inconvertible paper money by the red-ink bond and managed currency system which continue increasing will depreciate the exchange rate of the yen, and we will be anxious about a vicious inflation. To this, although Dashiki aimed at reduction of a red-ink bond and a war expenditure, he was assassinated. Although Minister-of-Finance riding ground ? 1 of the successor Koki Horror new Cabinet performed reduction of the public loan, expansion of the war expenditure was continued. Although the demand to heavy and chemical industries also increases with war expenditure expansion, since it did not catch up with it, the controlled economy (â€Å"direct intervention to a governmental economic process†) will start. In this way, the Japanese economy in accomplished high including a spending policy, though the blow was received in three big depressions. How to cite Japanese economic history, Papers

Top Information Security Threats

Question: Discuss about the Top Information Security Threats. Answer: Introduction As per the given scenario, the ISIA i.e. IT Security and Information Assurance department of Emirates performs various key responsibilities such as designing, planning and creating of secured infrastructure. This department ISIA is led by Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) and other eight security managers those manage business continuity, information privacy and security and management of malware and botnets and other essential factors. I am working as one of the security managers in ISIA department. As we know that Emirates has become largest airline in the Middle East and to provide best airline services to its passengers worldwide. The security of information of all passengers and employees of Emirates is also an essential job to perform by security managers of ISIA department. The main concerning point here is that, with the advancement in technologies, threats of information security are also increasing. So senior management is concerned about preparedness of Emirates to handle these threats. The CISO of ISIA department has strong believe that evaluation of security risks and proactive steps that will be helpful to control these security risks, is required. Therefore, CISO asks me to review global incidents for last two years and discuss major five security threats and ways to overcome these threats. On the behalf of this information, Emirates can know about experience of security breaches of other organizations and major security threats or risks. This information can be used as a good source of knowledge to plan ahead regarding information security maintenance (GTN SCS, 2017). Main Body In last two years various security breaches have encountered by business organizations that were using information technologies for storing huge amount of business information such as records of business customers with their personal and credit card information, employees information with their salaries and other essential information, etc. This information is responsibility of an organization to maintain securely into its databases. But, number of cases of information security breach, hacking and phishing attacks are commonly encountered. In incidents of information security breaches, cases of Kaspersky, Anthem, and Ashley Madison and OPM organizations are so popular (Forbes.com, 2017). As a security manager, I have reviewed these cases thoroughly and found out top five threats that are encountered by these organizations. These organizations have faced vulnerable information security breaches regarding hacking of personal and credit card information of their potential customers, emp loyees information, orders placed by customers, their inventory and other important business information. As we have discussed above that Emirates is also concerned about these issues of information security, so evaluation about main threats of these cases will be a good source of knowledge for further planning. Five Major Information Security Threats Hacking and Phishing Attacks Malware Attacks SQL Injection Attack Lack of Encryption Outdated Security Software Hacking and Phishing Attacks The threat of hacking and phishing attack has found so common among above mentioned incidents of different business organizations. In above incidents, most common is of hacking and phishing of login credentials such as username, passwords, credit card information and personal information of customers and business information of employees. So it can also be a big threat for Emirates that information from its databases can also be hacked or stolen by hackers (Kuranda, 2017). Malware Attacks Malware attack is also a big problem for information security in business organizations. For stealing information from database or system, malware backdoor attack is conducting by hackers. Emails are sent to users with vulnerable attachments of malware. When attachments are opened by users then programming script works and malware spread into system to access information (Caldwell, 2012). In case of OPM organization that we have mentioned above, by using contractors login credentials malware backdoor attack was conducted in the network to access confidential information of company. OPM was unable to detect reason for 343 days. From this, we can notice vulnerability of malware attack (Databreachtoday.in, 2017). SQL Injection Attack SQL injection attack is mostly implemented on SQL databases by attackers to steal information. It is a code injection technique which is used to attack data driven applications. In this attack, wicked SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution. Through SQL injection attack, attackers inject a code into companys database to access personal and credit card information of customers. It is actually a programming script that can pick customers records from databases. If database is not kept secure by security departments of business organizations then this type of attack can be easily conducted by hackers. Therefore, in case of Emirates organizations, it is responsibility of ISIA department to be careful about these types of SQL attacks (Data breach activity is getting worse, 2007). Lack of Encryption Lack of encryption in data storage or transferring data over network is a vulnerable threat for users. Encryption is an effective way to encrypt data into unreadable form that is harder to guess or understand by hackers. If developers and security experts will not be careful about encryption of databases information then chances of hacking will be increased. In case of above companies, lack of encryption was also a major threat for information security threat. The airlines industry consists of sensitive data into its databases. Therefore, encryption of this sensitive data is required. Outdated Security Software Outdated security software considers an information security threat because outdated software are not able to maintain security of information for long time that is stored into it. Any malicious code can be infected this software easily and it is difficult to detect that problem in outdated software solutions. Emirates Airlines must be careful about regular updates of software solutions. Otherwise, above problems can be faced by this company. These are major threats of information security and privacy that I have reviewed in security incidents that are happened in last two years. Now in next segment of this report, we will emphasize on ways that can be used to overcome these threats. Ways to Overcome Threats Following are some essential ways to overcome threats: Advanced Anti-Virus Solutions Encryption Authorized Access of Database Firewall Advanced Anti-Virus Solutions The use of advanced anti-virus into system is important to get prevention from virus attacks. In a business organization like Emirates, all systems should be equipped with anti-virus. Anti-virus scans whole system and database resides into system to identify virus and after deducting virus, it is also removed by anti-virus (Greene, 2017). Encryption Encryption is a type of cryptography that is used to encrypt data into unreadable form. To prevent information from hackers, most of the companies send information in encrypted form over network, so that hackers cannot understand this information or can guess. The information security officers of ISIA department must use this technique for maintain information security (World Economic Forum, 2017). Authorized Access of Database In an organization, the access of confidential information should not be provided to every employee. The administrator of database should have access of server and all computers in organization and he should also decide that to whom permission of database access should be provided. The login credentials of every user should also set by administrator. If authorized access policy will not be implemented into database then every employee will try to access important information and may some employees try to leak information to hackers (Ravelin, 2017). Firewall Firewall is a software that is in-built into operating system. It is used to prevent system from unwanted entities. If firewall is in on mode and finds an unknown entity, then it will give alert message to user to aware about it. After getting this information, user try to block that entity by using blocking software (Densham, 2015). It is an effective to keep away bugs and vulnerable things from system. Therefore by using above ways the CISO of ISIA department can maintain security Emirates Airlines information. The information of airlines companies is very sensitive and need to be kept secured and confidential. Above discussed solutions will provide appropriate results if these will be implemented properly by security experts, developers and employees in an organization. Conclusion After this whole discussion we can say that in this report major security threats are discussed that can be faced by Emirates airlines, if proper security will not be maintained for information. Now, the security threats encountered by other business organizations are in notice of Emirates Airlines and on the behalf of this information, organization can make strategic plans to enhance level of security. It is matter of reliance of customers on an organization regarding security of their information. Therefore, business organizations must do all potential efforts to keep this trust. References GTN SCS. (2017). Top 10 Threats to Information Security. [online] Available at: https://scsonline.georgetown.edu/programs/masters-technology-management/resources/top-threats-to-information-technology [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Forbes.com. (2017). Forbes Welcome. [online] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2015/12/31/the-top-10-security-breaches-of-2015/9/#bd0f3cef78c3 [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Kuranda, S. (2017). The 10 Biggest Data Breaches Of 2015 (So Far). [online] CRN. Available at: https://www.crn.com/slide-shows/security/300077563/the-10-biggest-data-breaches-of-2015-so-far.htm?itc=refresh [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Greene, T. (2017). Biggest data breaches of 2015. [online] Network World. Available at: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3011103/security/biggest-data-breaches-of-2015.html [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Databreachtoday.in. (2017). Latest breaking news articles on data security breach. [online] Available at: https://www.databreachtoday.in/news [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. World Economic Forum. (2017). Four threats to aviation security and four responses. [online] Available at: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/07/four-threats-to-aviation-security-and-four-responses/ [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Ravelin. (2017). Fighting fraud in the airline industry. [online] Available at: https://www.ravelin.com/blog/fighting-fraud-in-the-airline-industry [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Caldwell, T. (2012). Reporting data breaches. Computer Fraud Security, 2012(7), pp.5-10. Data breach activity is getting worse. (2007). Network Security, 2007(4), p.16. Densham, B. (2015). Three cyber-security strategies to mitigate the impact of a data breach. Network Security, 2015(1), pp.5-8.