Limitations Of Acquiring Data On Hiv - 1783 Words

Limitations in Acquiring Data The current data surrounding HIV rates in transgender women are inadequate for several reasons. First, due to an unequal number of studies from each country, the international data reports are merely estimates and are most likely not generalizable to all transgender populations across the world. Next, the sampling methods that have been used, may have resulted in an oversampling of transgender women who are sex workers as these specific populations tend to congregate together (3). Additionally, because the transgender identity is constantly shifting, women who have already undergone their full transition and assimilated into their gender identity may not even identify as transgender. This affects data collection because they are then not included in epidemiological or prevention studies that could be significant. When it comes to doing studies, transgender participants are scarce, which affects researchers’ abilities to study HIV as it relates to a very specific population (3). The HIV surveillance measures in place are deficient and transgender-specific interventions are scarce, as will be illustrated next. More research and studies need to be done to get a more accurate idea of what kind of interventions will help the transgender population most effectively in regards to HIV prevention and treatment. HIV Screening: Pros and Cons There have been many methods of combating the spread of HIV or at the very least diagnosing it early on toShow MoreRelatedHIV Intervention Paper816 Words   |  4 PagesAgent Plan I would design a HIV Prevention Program for African American woman in college to decrease the growing rate of new HIV diagnoses each year and help women that are prone to HIV to decrease their risk behaviors in acquiring this virus. I will use the Social Cognitive Theory that focuses on the change of an individual and how individuals learn by using personal experiences. Educators Needed: a health educator that teaches Health Education at the institution and 2 peer educators will be neededRead MoreHealth Promotion Assignment : Sexually Transmitted Infections1084 Words   |  5 Pageseffective treatments are available for many sexually transmitted infections (STI), there has been a steady increase in cases of gonorrhoea, chlamydia and syphilis in the last five years. In addition, there are gaps in the interpretation of notification data. Social stigma, discrimination against those affected by sexually transmitted infections and human rights abuse limit access to the available prevention and treatment strategies, and identifying the burden of the consequence from the STI on fertilityRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Infectious Disease911 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom spreading throughout the human population. However, despite their attempts new and emerging viruses such as HIV/AIDS, Ebola and sudden acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) have continued to develop and cause a drastic impact on society worldwide . As the development of new diseases continues to emerge worldwide there has been an increase in concerns regarding the importance of acquiring new methods to detect and help prevent the spread of infectious diseases. With this in mind, this study examinesRead MoreEssay On Drugs Are Not Killing Us1080 Words   |  5 Pagespressure medication from gray market vendors pricing at $1200, differing greatly from the original price of $25.90. Pharmaceutical companies also increase prices by acquiring manufacturing licenses and elevating the former price to create more profit. In 2015 Turing Pharmaceuticals obtained the manufacturing license for Daraprim (used to treat HIV infection) and increased the price from $13.50 a tablet to $750. This led Turing Pharmaceuticals founder Martin Shkreli to become â€Å"the most hated man in America†Read MoreHiv Prevention Program Of Urban Kenya Among The Youth2665 Words   |  11 Pages HIV Prevention Program in urban Kenya Among the Youth Jacquiline Wanja Njagi-Brown National University Public Health Research Methods COH 611 Dr. Brandon Eggleston, PHD MPH MCHES CPH February 28, 2015 HIV Prevention Program in urban Kenya Among the Youth Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a health concern that has claimed millions of lives globally. Despite ongoing prevention efforts such as education and medical treatment, this disease and itsRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Infection ( Hiv ) Global Health Report6698 Words   |  27 PagesImmunodeficiency Infection (HIV) Global Health Report Part one: Overview: One of the most important serious global health infection nowadays is ?acquired immunodeficiency syndrome? which is caused by HIV virus infection. The disease was discovered long time back in 1981. HIV infection is considered to be one the most important public health challenge in all countries and require global efforts (Merson, 2006). Rationale: Almost 36.9 million people are currently living with HIV infection and almost 10Read MoreThe Millenium Declaration Goals 20001758 Words   |  7 PagesGoals (MDG’s): 1. Eradication of extreme poverty and hunger 2. Achievement of universal primary education 3. Promotion of gender equality and empowerment of women, 4. Reduction of child mortality 5. Improvement in maternal health 6. Combating HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases, 7. Ensuring environmental sustainability and 8. Develop a global partnership for development. The accomplishing focus of these objectives is until 2015. Subsequently such advancement methodologies are critical toRead MoreSexually Active Teens1161 Words   |  5 Pagespercent of surveyed teens admitted no birth control methods at all. This proves an absolute need for abstinence education programs within the school setting. Through education, it should be taught that abstinence is the only safe sex. Child Trends Data Bank (2011) states that the percentage of high school students who have ever had sexual intercourse dropped between 1991 and 2011 from fifty-nine percent to forty-one percent. Forty-one percent of U.S. high school students are or have been sexuallyRead MoreThe Effects Of Sexually Transmitted Diseases On College Campuses1451 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) continue to plague college campuses, raising questions regarding what efforts can be made to reduce the number of young individuals acquiring STDs on college campuses. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, it is estimated that 19 million new infections occur each year, with almost half infecting young people1. Although, STDs are primarily transmitted through the exchange of bodily fluids (i.e. vaginal fluid, semen, and blood)Read MoreProject Pluto Will Adopt The Incremental Build Model Essay1725 Words   |  7 PagesCorrective action should be taken, for example, if the rework to fix defects exceeds 20 percent of the effort on each of two successive build cycles. Corrective actions might include revising the requirements, reworking the design, fixing the code, acquiring a new testing tool, providing refresher training on peer reviews, or revising the Incremental-build schedule to allow more time to do an adequate job. Other methodologies that we seriously considered include the Waterfall development

The A Unified Brand Dove s Control Over The Beauty...

Problem Identification: 1. Not a unified brand: Dove was owned by Unilever, which was a leading manufacturer in food, personal care and home sector of the global economy. Unilever was mainly competing with successful companies like Nestle, Kraft foods and Procter and gamble. Unilever had a wide range and variety of products as well as huge market share. Despite of having a big market share and good product Unilever lacked the unified identity of the brand. In beauty sector, Unilever had many brands like Vaseline, Lux, Dove, Axe, Pond’s and Sunsilk etc. Since Unilever had many brands it had a problem with the control and identity of the brand. 2. Controversial advertisements: Public reaction on social media was open ended. This type of branding strategy can also damage the image of the brand because it is controversial among public which includes politics, racism and stereotyping. Dove lost the control over the beauty campaign because it was becoming political debate. Some people also found ads with women in underwear very unsettling. 3. Brand stereotype: In commercials and branding strategy we rarely see men involvement. It can be only seen as women brand or fat girls brand. This strategy can damage the male customer base due to stereotype of women’s brand. Casting older ladies in the commercials can also affect the perception of the young girls towards the Dove. A general stereotype can be formed that, this brand is mostly for fat and old ladies or only for peopleShow MoreRelatedCase Study Dove Evolution of a Brand1309 Words   |  6 PagesWhat was Dove’s market positioning in the 1950s? What is its positioning in 2007? Dove back in the 1950’s had one product that was the â€Å"beauty bar†, it was positioned upon its function as a superior product that doesn’t dry out the skin the way soap did. It was marketed through a mix of marketing communication tools like the TV, print media and bill boards. The advertising message was â€Å"Dove soap doesn’t dry your skin because its one-quarter cleansing cream†. All of theseRead MoreDove : Evolution Of A Brand1501 Words   |  7 PagesIndividual Case Analysis Dove: Evolution of a Brand Tom Augustson October 26, 2015 MKTG 6020-21 Fall 2015 I chose the case â€Å"Dove: Evolution of a Brand† for my individual case analysis because I find their brand and advertising strategy to be revolutionary at the time. I grew up with regular exposure to Dove soap advertising on television and in magazines, but until I read this case, I was unaware of Dove’s attempt of reach a new market with their recent campaigns targeting women who donRead MoreBrand Communication Operation : Unilevers Dove Brand1861 Words   |  8 Pages(to the brand and the case) Unilever s Dove brand began to abandon the principles of marketing fashion and beauty industry has long been in compliance with the selling beautiful dreams to deliberately collapse standardized interpretation of the beautiful position launched a major global explore the beauty of women s reinterpretation. This unique brand communication operation has achieved unprecedented success. In the spring of 2004 after the start of the real America Action (Real Beauty Campaign)Read MoreInternship Report on Unilever14872 Words   |  60 PagesINTERNSHIP REPORT ON Hair Care Survey on Parlors Salons in Dhaka Guided by Ms. Farhana Nur Malik Lecturer BRAC Business School Ms. Ankan Siddiquee Brand Activation Manager Unilever Bangladesh By Kamrun Nahar ID-08104011 BRAC Business School Brac University Date of Submission: 19 December 2011 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL 19 December, 2011 Ms. Farhana Nur Malik Lecturer BRAC Business School BRAC University Subject: Submission of internship report Dear Madam, I would like to take this opportunityRead MoreDist Channel3946 Words   |  16 Pagesand next, * producer to agent to distributor to buyer Multiple Marketing Channels – Dual Distribution – Network that move products to a firm’s target market through more than one marketing channel. Conventional distribution channel v/s vertical and horizontal distribution channel A conventional distribution channel is a channel which consists of one or more independent producers, wholesalers and retailers, each a separate business seeking to maximize its own profits. It is the mostRead MorePepsi and Its Competitors4636 Words   |  19 PagesPepsiCo - World Leader In Convenient Foods Beverages Industry †¢ Revenues – About $43 billion and over 198,000 Employees across the globe †¢ PepsiCo was founded in 1965 through the merger of Pepsi-Cola and Frito-Lay †¢ PepsiCo brands are available in more than 200 countries and territories across the globe †¢ PepsiCo has more than 500 products in it’s portfolio of which 18 brands generate $1 Billion each in retail sales A broad spectrum of beverages worldwide bringing fun and refreshment toRead MoreMarketing Channel44625 Words   |  179 Pagesmembers C) intermediaries D) the government at various levels E) competitors Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 339 Skill: Concept Objective: 12-1 6) A company s channel decisions directly affect every ________. A) channel member B) marketing decision C) customer s choices D) employee in the channel E) competitor s actions Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 339 Skill: Concept Objective: 12-1 7) Distribution channel decisions often involve ________ with other firms, particularlyRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pages13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Unit Title Marketing management – an introduction Marketing environment Marketing with other functional areas of management Market segmentation Market targeting and positioning Product management Brand management Pricing Channel design and management Retailing and Wholesaling Integrated Marketing Communication Advertising management Sales promotion Personal selling Public relations Understanding individual consumer behaviour Understanding industrialRead MoreEssay about Summary of History of Graphic Design by Meggs14945 Words   |  60 Pagescommunication. - The Egyptians were the first people to produce illustrated manuscripts in which words and pictures were combined to communicate information. - Eventually, Papyrus was used for funerary purposes. - The majestic Egyptian culture survived for over 3000 years. Hieroglyphics, papyri, and illustrated manuscripts are its visual communications legacy. Chapter 2: Alphabets - The hundreds of signs and symbols required by cuneiform were replaced by 20 or 30 easily learned signs. - The creationRead MoreBrand Building Blocks96400 Words   |  386 PagesBRAND BUILDING BLOCKS Building Strong Brands: Why Is It Hard? It is not easy to build brands in today s environment. The brand builder who attempts to develop a strong brand is like a golfer playing on a course with heavy roughs, deep sand traps, sharp doglegs, and vast water barriers. It is difficult to score well in such conditions. Substantial pressures and barriers, both internal and external, can inhibit the brand builder. To be able to develop effective brand strategies, it is useful to

Japanese economic history Free Essays

In the history of Japanese economy is for 17 years from 1920 to 1937. Japanese economy will be hit by three big depressions, reactionary depression (1920 depression), ? Financial crisis, and ? Shows Depression, after the war [ ? ], and will experience long-term depression in this period. The one-eyed postwar reactionary depression which occurred for 1920 (Taoist 9) years Is the depression which made the cause the economical gap of during the war and the postwar period. We will write a custom essay sample on Japanese economic history or any similar topic only for you Order Now As for the Japanese economy of the ass, a protracted economic slump will continue starting with this depression. The global supply shortage of 1920 previous World War I (1914 o 18 years) made Japan’s export expand, and It led It to prosperity. Expansion of demand changed Japan from the agricultural country of prewar days to the Industrialized country. Moreover, the labor shortage by expanding demand moved the farmer to the city, and supported city development greatly. However, when World War I held the end of the war and It entered In the ass, Western countries reorganized domestic production and It reduced the demand to Japan. In Dalton to the reduced demand from Western countries, an excess of imports by resumption of import decreased the Japanese specie, and caused the fall of a money order and outstations on commodities. In this way, Japanese economy will fall into a protracted economic slump. Moreover, this depression will deal a blow to many companies, and will drive them in to a breakdown. Moreover, although a return of the gold standard by the lifting of the gold embargo was desired as a measure against reactionary depression, a ban was not removed on the bank or foreign trade business which were faced with the dormant capital at this time. (After World War l, the countries of many including the united States returned to the gold standard one after another, and formed the axis of new international finance. Then, the Great Kant Earthquake occurred for 1923 (Taoist 12) years, and an excess of imports became increasingly large so that this might be attacked. The government proclaimed the Bank of Japan earthquake bill discount-lost â€Å"the government compensates a loss of the Bank of Japan for less than 100 million yen at the same time the Bank of Japan does rediscover influence of the note (earthquake bill) whose earthquake disaster victim is an obligator and it postpones collection† as a measure to the company which suffered the serious damage caused by an earthquake disaster. However, the earthquake bill recessing problem arose by this Imperial edict. In the note processed as this earthquake note, many notes of the company and the manager who became bad loans under the influence of reactionary depression were Intermingled. It Is [ In / In order to prevent the breakdown of the company by this, or a bank / an every place considered as 2 million yen or more In the case of the bank which has a head office In a big city these standards It cannot fill, either a duty of a bank was Imposed so that capital Increase and a merger might be performed wealth five years and the standard might be reached † It went Into effect and Inland banks were cut down. However, by Improper language disturbance of Finance Minister Kate after the Tokyo Waterman bank is actually closed, the bank commission by the depositor banks were obliged to closure and also had the bank which results even in a breakdown. This depression that occurred for 1927 (Shows 2) years is the second financial crisis. It was continuously hit by two depressions after the war with reactionary depression and a financial crisis, and in order to reorganize the Japanese economy which the foreign outflow of the specie was aggravating, Minister-of-Finance Junketed Onion of the Coach’s Humanistic civil administration intermarry big building pushed the lifting of the gold embargo. It is ordered in the basis of Junketed Onion who performs a tight financing policy, and 1929 in the lifting of the gold embargo (â€Å"Finance Ministry Ordinance of the purport that a ban is removed on gold export from January [ next year ] 1 1 and Japan also makes the gold standard return at last after the war. However, the business of the United States which began to lead the world instead of Britain retreated, and when the New York Stock Exchange slumped n connection with it, the global Great Depression occurred after the war. In this way, Japan will be involved in the global Great Depression simultaneously with the lifting of the gold embargo. This is Shows Depression which occurred for the third 1930 (Shows 5) year. Moreover, in industry, the silk industry in which the demand from the United States occupied most suffered the damage caused by this Shows Depression most. Then, social problems, such as unemployment, selling themselves, and an undernourished schoolchild, also occurred, and the Japanese held economical / social uneasiness and were troubled with poverty. Aiming at escape from this Great Depression, Minister-of-Finance Kookier Dashiki of the Toughs Incubi Friends of Constitutional Government Party Cabinet starts an expansionist fiscal policy. First, Dashiki re-forbade export of gold in 1931, after Britain stopped the gold standard. The managed currency system and red-ink bond which were newly introduced instead of the gold standard and which are not bound by the quantity possessed of a specie enabled reservation of the source of revenue stabilized for performing an expansionist fiscal policy. Dashiki performs the â€Å"spending policy† which plans economic recovery by expanding annual expenditure based on these goods. The war expenditure expanded by the Manchuria Incident which broke out in Shows Depression in 1931 made the annual expenditure by the government increase. This annual expenditure that increased, I. E. , an effective demand, increased the demand for fund of private enterprises, and it led Japanese economy to inflation. The demand for fund of private enterprises is connected to the employment to Jobless people, and Japanese economy began to incline to prosperity. However, superfluous circulation of the inconvertible paper money by the red-ink bond and managed currency system which continue increasing will depreciate the exchange rate of the yen, and we will be anxious about a vicious inflation. To this, although Dashiki aimed at reduction of a red-ink bond and a war expenditure, he was assassinated. Although Minister-of-Finance riding ground ? 1 of the successor Koki Horror new Cabinet performed reduction of the public loan, expansion of the war expenditure was continued. Although the demand to heavy and chemical industries also increases with war expenditure expansion, since it did not catch up with it, the controlled economy (â€Å"direct intervention to a governmental economic process†) will start. In this way, the Japanese economy in accomplished high including a spending policy, though the blow was received in three big depressions. How to cite Japanese economic history, Papers

Top Information Security Threats

Question: Discuss about the Top Information Security Threats. Answer: Introduction As per the given scenario, the ISIA i.e. IT Security and Information Assurance department of Emirates performs various key responsibilities such as designing, planning and creating of secured infrastructure. This department ISIA is led by Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) and other eight security managers those manage business continuity, information privacy and security and management of malware and botnets and other essential factors. I am working as one of the security managers in ISIA department. As we know that Emirates has become largest airline in the Middle East and to provide best airline services to its passengers worldwide. The security of information of all passengers and employees of Emirates is also an essential job to perform by security managers of ISIA department. The main concerning point here is that, with the advancement in technologies, threats of information security are also increasing. So senior management is concerned about preparedness of Emirates to handle these threats. The CISO of ISIA department has strong believe that evaluation of security risks and proactive steps that will be helpful to control these security risks, is required. Therefore, CISO asks me to review global incidents for last two years and discuss major five security threats and ways to overcome these threats. On the behalf of this information, Emirates can know about experience of security breaches of other organizations and major security threats or risks. This information can be used as a good source of knowledge to plan ahead regarding information security maintenance (GTN SCS, 2017). Main Body In last two years various security breaches have encountered by business organizations that were using information technologies for storing huge amount of business information such as records of business customers with their personal and credit card information, employees information with their salaries and other essential information, etc. This information is responsibility of an organization to maintain securely into its databases. But, number of cases of information security breach, hacking and phishing attacks are commonly encountered. In incidents of information security breaches, cases of Kaspersky, Anthem, and Ashley Madison and OPM organizations are so popular (Forbes.com, 2017). As a security manager, I have reviewed these cases thoroughly and found out top five threats that are encountered by these organizations. These organizations have faced vulnerable information security breaches regarding hacking of personal and credit card information of their potential customers, emp loyees information, orders placed by customers, their inventory and other important business information. As we have discussed above that Emirates is also concerned about these issues of information security, so evaluation about main threats of these cases will be a good source of knowledge for further planning. Five Major Information Security Threats Hacking and Phishing Attacks Malware Attacks SQL Injection Attack Lack of Encryption Outdated Security Software Hacking and Phishing Attacks The threat of hacking and phishing attack has found so common among above mentioned incidents of different business organizations. In above incidents, most common is of hacking and phishing of login credentials such as username, passwords, credit card information and personal information of customers and business information of employees. So it can also be a big threat for Emirates that information from its databases can also be hacked or stolen by hackers (Kuranda, 2017). Malware Attacks Malware attack is also a big problem for information security in business organizations. For stealing information from database or system, malware backdoor attack is conducting by hackers. Emails are sent to users with vulnerable attachments of malware. When attachments are opened by users then programming script works and malware spread into system to access information (Caldwell, 2012). In case of OPM organization that we have mentioned above, by using contractors login credentials malware backdoor attack was conducted in the network to access confidential information of company. OPM was unable to detect reason for 343 days. From this, we can notice vulnerability of malware attack (Databreachtoday.in, 2017). SQL Injection Attack SQL injection attack is mostly implemented on SQL databases by attackers to steal information. It is a code injection technique which is used to attack data driven applications. In this attack, wicked SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution. Through SQL injection attack, attackers inject a code into companys database to access personal and credit card information of customers. It is actually a programming script that can pick customers records from databases. If database is not kept secure by security departments of business organizations then this type of attack can be easily conducted by hackers. Therefore, in case of Emirates organizations, it is responsibility of ISIA department to be careful about these types of SQL attacks (Data breach activity is getting worse, 2007). Lack of Encryption Lack of encryption in data storage or transferring data over network is a vulnerable threat for users. Encryption is an effective way to encrypt data into unreadable form that is harder to guess or understand by hackers. If developers and security experts will not be careful about encryption of databases information then chances of hacking will be increased. In case of above companies, lack of encryption was also a major threat for information security threat. The airlines industry consists of sensitive data into its databases. Therefore, encryption of this sensitive data is required. Outdated Security Software Outdated security software considers an information security threat because outdated software are not able to maintain security of information for long time that is stored into it. Any malicious code can be infected this software easily and it is difficult to detect that problem in outdated software solutions. Emirates Airlines must be careful about regular updates of software solutions. Otherwise, above problems can be faced by this company. These are major threats of information security and privacy that I have reviewed in security incidents that are happened in last two years. Now in next segment of this report, we will emphasize on ways that can be used to overcome these threats. Ways to Overcome Threats Following are some essential ways to overcome threats: Advanced Anti-Virus Solutions Encryption Authorized Access of Database Firewall Advanced Anti-Virus Solutions The use of advanced anti-virus into system is important to get prevention from virus attacks. In a business organization like Emirates, all systems should be equipped with anti-virus. Anti-virus scans whole system and database resides into system to identify virus and after deducting virus, it is also removed by anti-virus (Greene, 2017). Encryption Encryption is a type of cryptography that is used to encrypt data into unreadable form. To prevent information from hackers, most of the companies send information in encrypted form over network, so that hackers cannot understand this information or can guess. The information security officers of ISIA department must use this technique for maintain information security (World Economic Forum, 2017). Authorized Access of Database In an organization, the access of confidential information should not be provided to every employee. The administrator of database should have access of server and all computers in organization and he should also decide that to whom permission of database access should be provided. The login credentials of every user should also set by administrator. If authorized access policy will not be implemented into database then every employee will try to access important information and may some employees try to leak information to hackers (Ravelin, 2017). Firewall Firewall is a software that is in-built into operating system. It is used to prevent system from unwanted entities. If firewall is in on mode and finds an unknown entity, then it will give alert message to user to aware about it. After getting this information, user try to block that entity by using blocking software (Densham, 2015). It is an effective to keep away bugs and vulnerable things from system. Therefore by using above ways the CISO of ISIA department can maintain security Emirates Airlines information. The information of airlines companies is very sensitive and need to be kept secured and confidential. Above discussed solutions will provide appropriate results if these will be implemented properly by security experts, developers and employees in an organization. Conclusion After this whole discussion we can say that in this report major security threats are discussed that can be faced by Emirates airlines, if proper security will not be maintained for information. Now, the security threats encountered by other business organizations are in notice of Emirates Airlines and on the behalf of this information, organization can make strategic plans to enhance level of security. It is matter of reliance of customers on an organization regarding security of their information. Therefore, business organizations must do all potential efforts to keep this trust. References GTN SCS. (2017). Top 10 Threats to Information Security. [online] Available at: https://scsonline.georgetown.edu/programs/masters-technology-management/resources/top-threats-to-information-technology [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Forbes.com. (2017). Forbes Welcome. [online] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2015/12/31/the-top-10-security-breaches-of-2015/9/#bd0f3cef78c3 [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Kuranda, S. (2017). The 10 Biggest Data Breaches Of 2015 (So Far). [online] CRN. Available at: https://www.crn.com/slide-shows/security/300077563/the-10-biggest-data-breaches-of-2015-so-far.htm?itc=refresh [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Greene, T. (2017). Biggest data breaches of 2015. [online] Network World. Available at: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3011103/security/biggest-data-breaches-of-2015.html [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Databreachtoday.in. (2017). Latest breaking news articles on data security breach. [online] Available at: https://www.databreachtoday.in/news [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. World Economic Forum. (2017). Four threats to aviation security and four responses. [online] Available at: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/07/four-threats-to-aviation-security-and-four-responses/ [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Ravelin. (2017). Fighting fraud in the airline industry. [online] Available at: https://www.ravelin.com/blog/fighting-fraud-in-the-airline-industry [Accessed 11 Apr. 2017]. Caldwell, T. (2012). Reporting data breaches. Computer Fraud Security, 2012(7), pp.5-10. Data breach activity is getting worse. (2007). Network Security, 2007(4), p.16. Densham, B. (2015). Three cyber-security strategies to mitigate the impact of a data breach. Network Security, 2015(1), pp.5-8.

The Charge Of The Light Brigade and Exposure Poem Essay Example

The Charge Of The Light Brigade and Exposure Poem Paper A more experienced poet known as Alfred Lord Tennyson wrote the Charge Of The Light Brigade. He was born in 1809 and died of old age in 1892. He wrote The Charge Of The Light Brigade in response to a Newspaper Report from the Times, which was written by W. H. Russel, so his understanding of the war was from second hand knowledge, he was removed from the action. Unlike Wilfred Owen, who wrote Exposure. Owen was born in 1893 and died at a very young age in 1918. The reason for his young death was, he was a participant in the war and died during battle, so his was writing from his own experiences. Although Owen was a less experienced writer, his poems only really became known after his death, as he had a less authorative voice. The main similarities between the two poems is that they are both writing about wars, however both wars are from a different time and so are fought in completely different ways. Tennyson wrote The Charge Of The Light Brigade about the Crimean war, which was originally between France and Russia but Britain joined because she worried about her security. The Crimean war was fought on horseback, which meant that it would be over fairly quickly. I think this because it would have been one charge, this battle would then have gone on until all the soldiers in one side were injured or dead. He was very far removed from the action, as he didnt even witness the war, so his poem written is third hand. Where as Owen wrote Exposure from first hand experience. For these reasons I may be able to place more value on Wilfred Owens poem. The First World War was fought over several years and the soldiers spent a lot of that time in trenches. The mood, tone and language in each poem are completely different from the other. We will write a custom essay sample on The Charge Of The Light Brigade and Exposure Poem specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Charge Of The Light Brigade and Exposure Poem specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Charge Of The Light Brigade and Exposure Poem specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In The Charge Of The Light Brigade the mood is very light and gives the feeling that all the soldiers, were excited about what they were doing. This is helped by the fact that Tennyson doesnt go into the atrocities of the war, instead writing of When horse and hero fell. Here he is basically saying that they have been shot down, but the way Tennyson puts it, its like its not that dramatic, when it is. In The Charge Of The Light Brigade it doesnt really distinguish those soldiers that died in battle and those that lived, Then they rode back, but not the six hundred. This is what I think plays a big part in making the mood of the poem so light, as it avoids death, which is upsetting. Where as in Exposure the mood is very depressing and dismal as Owen is constantly saying how the soldiers were being attacked in different ways. He mentions the weather attacking them, which can be seen from in the merciless iced winds that knive us. As well as things like the barbed wire in front of the enemies trenches, Like twitching agonies of men amongst its brambles. However the poem doesnt mention soldiers attacking them, which may indicate that the weather and other things were more threatening and chilling, then the enemy. In Exposure Owen speaks of the soldiers pain and this is what I think makes the poem so disheartening to read, because he is trying to show how war causes suffering and reduces the soldiers. Unlike Tennyson who is trying to honour and glorify the soldiers and so making the poem seem more pleasant. However in some ways the poems are similar as the language used indicates that poets generalise and universalise all the men in the war. The Charge Of The Light Brigade is a lot more structured then Exposure. This is because in Tennysons poem he talks about the different stages of the battle, where as Owen doesnt really mention battle, its more about the soldiers suffering. In The Charge Of The Light Brigade Tennyson goes through each stage of the battle, within each individual stanza. So in the first stanza the soldiers have been ordered to start their charge. The second stanza is quite an important part of the poem, as we discover that the soldiers had been given the wrong order. However because they are so disciplined and loyal to their country, no one questions it. Tennyson is trying to glorify and honour the soldiers so he simply says, Not though soldiers knew, someone had blundered. In the third stanza the soldiers are in range of the enemys guns and in stanza four, the soldiers are forced to turn back because so many men have been killed. Even though at this point the British soldiers are being defeated Tennyson emphasises their bravery. That takes the readers attention off the fact that they are losing so badly. An example of this is, Sabring the gunners there. The word sabring has been used very cleverly as it gives the reader the impression that the British soldiers were hacking away at the Russians, because Tennyson was writing the poem to honour The Light Brigade. In stanza five the British soldiers are still not out of danger despite turning back, as more Russians have come in behind them, so even more soldiers get killed. Stanza six is simply Tennyson reflecting on their bravery. In Exposure there isnt such an obvious structure. In stanza one Owen talks about the soldiers being attacked by the weather and in stanza two they are being attacked by the enemys barbed wire and it goes on like this. The weather is continually being described in different ways, one very effective way is when Owen uses alliteration, Dawn massing in the East her melancholy army. There is no real progression to the poem because it mirrors what is going on in the war, as they are stuck in trenches. The rhythm in each poem is completely different form the other. The Charge Of The Light Brigade has a very lively and energetic feel to it, this is due to its incredibly fast pace. In contrast Exposure has a very slow rhythm like the progress of the war. However in the third stanza there is a change in pace and it picks up just a little bit. This is due to the rhythm sounding like the bullets being described in the stanza, Sudden successive bullets streak the silence like the shells being shot in The Charge Of The Light Brigade. But the pace returns to its gloomy rhythm in the next stanza. In The charge Of The Light Brigade the rhythm of the poem sounds very much like the rhythm the galloping horses would make, this can be seen from Half a league, half a league onward, all in the valley of death rode the six hundred. I also think that the discipline of the British soldiers shows in the discipline of the rhythm. Each poem gives a completely different image of war, because they were written for different purposes and from different points of view. In The Charge Of The Light Brigade Tennyson uses a lot of similes and metaphors to create tension in the poem. He also uses similes to give the reader a better image of the battle and to show how heroic the soldiers were. Where as in Exposure Owen uses similes and metaphors to show how much the soldiers around him have been reduced, and the only thing they have to keep them going is happy memories. In The Charge Of The Light Brigade the first noticeable and most repeated image is All in the valley of death. I think that Tennyson choose to describe the charge like this because death is a very moving word. The word all unites the soldiers and due to the image of the extreme danger, given by the word death, shows the soldiers bravery, it also gives the idea of a big sacrifice. Not only do we get the feeling of danger, but Tennyson also discreetly describes sounds, through the use of onomatopoeia, Volleyed and thundered. I think that this is really clever, as it adds realism to the poem. When Tennyson uses alliteration, the words he uses sound like the hissing of the artillery on the battlefield. An example of this is Stormed at with shot and shell. Tennyson uses euphemism to describe the British soldiers killing the enemy; he uses words like flashed and sabring. The British soldiers are basically killing people, but the way Tennyson describes it, its as if they are doing it elegantly and almost gracefully. All of these images give the main picture that the war was glorious. The reason we get this image of the war is because Tennyson hides the realities behind euphemism, unlike Owen who shows the war for what it really is. Right from the first word our we immediately know that it has been written from the point of view of the narrator. Owen gives a very chilling image to the war because he has experienced it, he can say what he has seen and felt. The use of personification shows how the soldiers looked on the outside: Attacks once more in ranks, on ranks of shivering grey. Here Owen is talking about the weather attacking the soldiers, because the soldiers looked so grey and dull. Owen also adds shivering to the sentence, which could show that not only were they shivering because they were cold, but because they feel cold in their hearts like theyve been forgotten. Owen uses alliteration to emphasise that the men have no luxuries, unlike Tennyson who used alliteration to show the excitement of the war. In Exposure the uses of alliteration gives the reader the image that its as if the weather is trying to find them to put them through more distress, this can be seen from Pale flakes with fingering stealth come feeling for our faces. However I think Owen saves the most moving image for the end, unlike Tennyson who reflects on the heroism of the men during the battle, Owen shows just how terrible it is. In the final stanza Owen creates a very strong image, Pause over half-known faces. All their eyes are iced. To begin with it seems as though Owen is talking about the dead soldiers eyes being iced, because they are dead, but he is also talking about all the soldiers who are still alive and have to look at them. Owen is saying that in order to cope with what the soldiers have to face out in the trenches their eyes have also iced over, as they have no feeling any more. In Exposure we get the impression that it is probably easier to be dead, as you have gone to a better place and the pain and suffering stops, as soon as your spirit leaves your body. When I read Charge Of The Light Brigade I didnt feel very much inside, because the images that were given through the use of personification and other things were glorious. In Exposure the image seemed very real, because the poet was really writing from the heart and it made me feel quiet and lonely inside. Exposure and The Charge Of The Light Brigade both use repetition to show the reader that there have been casualties in the war. In The Charge Of The light Brigade different words are repeated to highlight different things. To emphasise the courage of the charge Tennyson repeats, Forward, the light brigade and The valley of death, which gives the idea that there is no turning back. In stanza two, three lines begin with their. This is used to show the discipline of the soldiers, that not one of them is questioning the wrong order. At the end of the first three stanzas Tennyson is still repeating, Rode the six hundred, this use of repetition gives the idea that the soldiers are still alive. However the final line of stanza four, Not the six hundred shows that not all the soldiers were going to come back from the valley of death. In stanza five some of the lines from stanza three are repeated, Cannon to the right of them, this gives the idea that even though they are on their way back the danger still surrounds them. At the end of stanza five Tennyson has said, Left of six hundred. He is still repeating six hundred, but has changed the words in front of it, to give the idea that the number of losses was more then the number of survivors. Exposure doesnt have has much repetition in as The Charge Of The Light Brigade, but it too has the majority of its repetition at the end of each stanza. The repetition of But nothing happens in three of the stanzas and the final stanza, give the image that the soldiers are almost waiting to die. The use of repetition in this ways indicates that they feel forgotten, because they have gone out to the trenches to do a job, and they are unable to do that job properly. In stanzas five, six and seven Owen repeats, dying at the end of each stanza. By doing this I get the impression that not only are the soldiers dieing because they are being attacked, but their spirits are dying as well as their love for things, its like they have lost themselves in the strong winds that surround them. So in both poems the use of repetition sums up the casualties of war, in Exposure they are shown in a more harsh way, then in The Charge Of The Light Brigade. Both poems are completely different in the way they portray the war, in that Exposure uses realism and The Charge Of The Light Brigade uses euphemism. The reason for there being such a lot of euphemism in The Charge Of The Light Brigade is because Tennyson wants to praise the soldiers. He also uses euphemism to hide behind the grim realities of life. A very good example of euphemism in the poem is, Sabring the gunners there. It is basically saying that the British soldiers were hacking away and killing the enemy, but it isnt described like that because the aim of Tennysons poem was to honour the soldiers. The word sabring makes the British soldiers sounds elegant and sophisticated, as if they arent doing anything wrong. So in order to honour the Light Brigade Tennyson hides behind euphemism. In contrast Owen uses realism in his poem because he wants to show war for what it really is. In everything he says he is very blunt and relates even the simplest things to every day horrors. By using realism Owen shows the reader that the only thing the soldiers have to keep them going are memories, an example of this is, Slowly our ghosts drag home: glimpsing the sunk fires glozed. This emphasises that the soldiers have no luxuries and how now they take nothing for granted, because they now realise it isnt always going to be there for them. The reason for The Charge Of The light Brigade using euphemism and Exposure using realism, is because each writer is trying to give a different image of the war, for different reasons using these methods. In conclusion both poems appear to be very similar when I first looked at them, however the only thing they have in common is that they are both about wars. The reason they only have this in common is for two reasons. The first reason is that both wars were completely different types of wars. The second reason and the most important, is that the writers show different attitudes towards war. In Charge Of The Light Brigade Tennyson wrote the poem to honour and glorify the soldiers that fought in the war. So the way he presents the poem, its as if Tennyson is saying that war is good thing to part of. I think the other reason for him putting such a positive image on the war was because he didnt fight in it, therefore there are no feelings included in his poem. So because Tennyson approves of the soldiers loyalty there are no signs of irony. Where as in Exposure Owen, who fought in the war, is able to include feelings. Due to having such a horrible time in the trenches, these feelings are sad and seem painful, putting war in a completely different light. Unlike Owen, Tennyson believed that no good could come from war, and although Owen is against war Exposure isnt an anti-war poem. However the one attitude that both writers show in their poems, is that you have to fight sometimes to preserve what is good.

advances in glazing materials essays

advances in glazing materials essays Current Options In Widows Energy Efficiency 5 Understanding How Energy Moves Through Windows 5 Tomorrows Options for More Efficient Windows 8 1. How energy flows through windows: Radiation 6 2. How energy flows through windows: Convection ..............................................6 3. How energy flows through windows: Conduction..............................................7 4. Three Routes to Switchable Windows. 10 Until recently, clear glass was the primary glazing material used in windows. Although glass is durable and allows a high percentage of sunlight to enter buildings, it has very little resistance to heat flow. During the past two decades, though, glazing technology has Research and development into types of glazing have created a new generation of materials that offer improved window efficiency and performance for consumers. While this new generation of glazing materials quickly gains acceptance in the marketplace, the research and development of even more efficient technologies continues. Gas Fill A heavier-than-air gas such as argon or krypton is used to fill the space between panes to slow heat transfer. Glazing The glass and/or plastic in a window unit that provides visibility yet blocks air leakage and some of the heat flow. Infrared Radiation Invisible radiation that humans perceived as heat. Low-e Coating Low-emissivity (low-e) coatings on glass surfaces reflect heat energy, but transmit visible light. Pyrolytic (Hard Coat) Low-e Durable metal oxides that are fused into the surface of window glass. Sputtered (Soft Coat) Low-e A coating on the inside pane of window glass in a sealed unit. It is made of reflective metal deposited in a vacuum. R-Value A measure of a windows resistance to heat flow. Total Solar Transmittance The total amount of all light spectra that is admitted by t...

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 49

English - Essay Example 3:10 to Yuma is centered on cowboys and outlaws; Sleepy Hollow’s story is derived from ghosts, witches and black magic; whereas The Red Badge of Courage, is the depiction of a civil war zone. 3:10 to Yuma has several characters that honor and duty seem to have affinity with. Evan (Christian Bale), the impoverished rancher, exhibits both qualities on several occasions where as towards the end it is Wade (Russell Crowe), the outlaw, who seems to exude them the most. The story is from a time where both honor and duty were benchmarks on which men assessed their character. The movie also depicts the same thing. Throughout the movie Evan is trying to maintain his honor, whether it is trying to keep his livelihood i.e. his ranch, working or trying to get Wade captured and later helps in having him delivered for an arrest. Evan is trying to fulfill his duty to his family and more specifically his sons so that they have a father they can look up to. His actions depict a certain behavior that his sons can one day follow. His past as a soldier haunts him which is why he vows to himself to honor his word and that becomes the most important thing for him, it becomes his duty. Sleepy Hollow, is a completely different genre and falls somewhere in between a suspense thriller and a horror movie. The concepts of honor and duty are evident most in one character and one character alone, and that is Ichabod Crane. Though his job scares him, though he finds it horrifying at times, Ichabod never backs out and he never quits. His character at one point even faints out of fear during the movie but in a nutshell his resolve does not waiver. Throughout the investigation of the headless horsemen there are many instances where Ichabod is faced with situations he would rather not be in, his duty towards his investigation is more important to him however and he does not abandon it. His honor is in protecting the woman he loves and finishing the job he